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Får patienterna tillräckligt med näring på intensiven?
The Swedish Red Cross University College.
The Swedish Red Cross University College.
2012 (Swedish)Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
Do the patients get enough nourishment in the intensive care? (English)
Abstract [sv]

Bakgrund: Patienter inom vården löper risk att drabbas av malnutrition. Flera studier har visat att malnutrition fortfarande är ett stort problem inom vård och omsorg och en viktig patientsäkerhetsfråga. Målsättningen med nutritionsbehandling är att tillgodose patientens fysiologiska behov för att minimera vävnadsförluster och upprätthålla vitala funktioner och därigenom ge möjlighet till tillfrisknande samt förbättrad upplevelse av hälsa. Förr sågs nutritionsbehandling som en stödåtgärd medan den i dag har en mer framträdande roll i patientens vård och behandling. Syfte: Var att undersöka hur kaloriordinationen uppfylls och hur viktutvecklingen sett ut under de dagar studien genomfördes. Metod: En retrospektiv, deskriptiv studie med kvantitativ ansats genomfördes på en intensivvårdsavdelning i en storstadsregion i Sverige. Studien omfattade journaldata från 36 vuxna patienter som analyserades under fem dagar var, vilket resulterade i totalt 180 studerade dagar. Resultat: Under studien uppnåddes kalorimålet sju av 180 dagar. Flertalet patienter visade sig tillföras mellan 80-120 % av ordinationen. Vid granskning av data framkom skillnader i näringstillförsel relaterat till vårdtid. Enligt journaldata överskred 22 av 36 patienter dagligt kalorimål den första dagen på intensivvårdsavdelningen. Hos 26 patienter noterades en viktnedgång mellan ett till åtta kilo. Hos fem patienter fanns en viktökning på mellan två till fem kilo och tre patienter behöll sin vikt. Slutsats: Denna studies resultat visar att det finns skäl att belysa patienters nutritionsbehov med fortsatta studier då nutrition är viktigt för upplevelser av hälsa och tillfrisknande.

Abstract [en]

Background: Patients in healthcare face the risk of malnutrition. Studies have shown malnutrition is still a significant problem and a serious patient safety issue.The aim of nutritional treatment is to fulfill the patient’s physiological needs in order to minimize loss of tissue and maintain vital functions, increasing the chance of recovery and improving the patient’s perceived health. Nutritional treatment was previously regarded as a supporting measure, whereas today it carries a more significant role in the care and treatment of a patient. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether patients met with prescribed calorimetric targets, and to examine their weight progression. Method: A retrospective descriptive study with a quantitative aim was performed in an intensive care unit in a Swedish city. The study was based on journal entries from 36 adult patients and were studied for five days each, resulting in a total of 180 studied days. Results: During the study prescribed calorimetric targets were met seven times. A majority of the patients received between 80% and 120% of the prescribed target. Examination of the data revealed differences in nutrition related to length of treatment. According to journal entries, 22 out of the 36 patients were overfed the first day in the intensive care unit. A weight loss of between one and eight kilograms was registered in 26 out of 36 patients. Five patients had a weight gain of two to five kilograms. Three patients retained their original weight. Conclusion: The results of this study show that there is call to further study nutritional needs in patients, as nutrition is important for the perception of health as well as for recovery.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2012. , p. 26
Keywords [en]
Intensive care, Catabolism, Malnutrition, Nutrition, Nutritional need
Keywords [sv]
Intensivvård, Katabolism, Malnutrition, Nutrition, Näringsbehov
National Category
Nursing
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:rkh:diva-263OAI: oai:DiVA.org:rkh-263DiVA, id: diva2:539032
Educational program
Postgraduate Program in Specialist Nursing
Uppsok
Medicine
Available from: 2012-07-03 Created: 2012-07-03 Last updated: 2017-07-07Bibliographically approved

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