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En litteraturstudie om faktorer som inverkar på ensamkommande flyktingbarns psykiska hälsa
The Swedish Red Cross University College.
The Swedish Red Cross University College.
2015 (Swedish)Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
A literature review of factors affecting unaccompanied refugee children's mental health (English)
Abstract [sv]

Bakgrund: Barn och ungdomar har immigrerat ensamma i flera decennier. Antalet ensamkommande flyktingbarn har ökat de senaste åren i Europa och främst i länder som Storbritannien, Sverige, Österrike och Norge. År 2008 immigrerade 13 400 barn/ungdomar utan föräldrar till Europa och ca 80 % av dem ansökte asyl. Sverige tog enskilt emot ca 3 578 ensamkommande flyktingbarn år 2012 och det väntas öka de närmsta åren. Det har även rapporterats om att ensamkommande flyktingbarn har en ökad risk för psykisk morbiditet.

Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att kartlägga faktorer som inverkar på ensamkommande flyktingbarns psykiska hälsa.

Metod: Denna studie är en allmän litteraturstudie baserad på åtta kvantitativa och två kvalitativa studier.

Resultat: Fem teman identifierades: Traumatiska upplevelser, Migrationsprocessen, Miljön, Ålder och Genus. Traumatiska upplevelser var den mest övervägande faktorn som bidrog till den ökade risken för utveckling av psykisk ohälsa. Vidare spelade migrationsprocessen och miljön i det nya landet stor roll för dessa barn/ungdomars välbefinnande. Ytterligare identifierade faktorer var kön och ålder.

Slutsats: Resultatet i denna litteraturstudie visade på att dessa barn/ ungdomar har råkat ut för olika traumatiska upplevelser och att detta var den största bidragande faktorn till att de hade högre risk att utveckla psykisk ohälsa. Vidare framkom det att migrationsprocessen och miljön i det nya landet bidrog till den ökande risken för att utveckla psykisk ohälsa.

 Klinisk betydelse: Denna studie ska ge ökad förståelse om ensamkommande flyktingbarns psykiska hälsa och belysa faktorer som inverkar på deras mående. Genom att ha kunskap om dessa faktorer kan sjuksköterskan lättare identifiera dessa barns omvårdnadsbehov.

Abstract [en]

Background: Children and young adolescents have been immigrating alone for decades. However the number of unaccompanied refugee children has increased in recent years in Europe, mainly in countries such as Britain, Sweden, Austria and Norway. In 2008, 13.400 children and young adolescents, immigrated without their parents to Europe and about 80% of them applied for asylum. Sweden alone received about 3,578 unaccompanied refugee children in 2012 and it is expected to increase in coming years. It has also been reported that unaccompanied refugee children have an increased risk of psychiatric morbidity.

Aims: The aim of this study was to highlight factors affecting unaccompanied refugee children's mental health.

Method: This study is a literature review based on eight quantitative and two qualitative studies.

Results: Five themes were identified: Traumatic experiences, the Migration Process, Environment, Age and Gender. Traumatic experiences were the most predominant factor that contributed to the increased risk of developing mental illness. Furthermore the migration process and the environment in the new country had a big impact on these children/adolescents well-being. Additional identified factors were gender and age.

Conclusion: The result of this study showed that these children / adolescents have suffered from various traumatic experiences highly contributing to an increased risk of developing mental illness. It was also found that the migration process and the environment in the new country contributed to the increased risk of developing mental illness.

Clinical significance: This study can provide a better understanding of unaccompanied refugee children's mental health and illuminate the factors affecting their psychological well-being. Having knowledge of these factors, may help the nurses to identify these children's care needs.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2015. , p. 31
Keywords [en]
Unaccompanied, refugee, children, mental health, asylum-seeking, migration
Keywords [sv]
Ensamkommande, flykting, barn, psykisk hälsa, asylsökande, migration
National Category
Nursing
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:rkh:diva-1939OAI: oai:DiVA.org:rkh-1939DiVA, id: diva2:857013
Educational program
Sjuksköterskeprogrammet
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2015-10-01 Created: 2015-09-27 Last updated: 2015-10-01Bibliographically approved

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