Bakgrund: Att bedöma smärtsymtom är avgörande för att en sjuksköterska ska kunna ge adekvat vård. Speciellt för personer med demenssymtom, eftersom de visar symtom på nedsatt kognitiv förmåga som förhindrar deras förmåga att rapportera smärta. Detta gör det utmanande för sjuksköterskor att identifiera och bedöma smärta. Vilket är en del av sjuksköterskans kompetens att främja god hälsa.

Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att beskriva sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att identifiera och bedöma smärta hos personer med demenssymtom.

Metod: Allmän litteraturstudie gjordes med hjälp av databaserna CINAHL, PubMed och Google scholar för att identifiera relevanta studier för studiens syfte.

Resultat: Tre teman identifierades med tillhörande två underteman i resultatet: Tolka uttryck som indikerar på smärta, Resurser vid tolkning av smärta och Tydlig kommunikation som ett verktyg.

Slutsatser: Det är utmanande för sjuksköterskor att identifiera och bedöma smärta hos personer med demenssymtom eftersom de visar nedsatt verbal och kognitiv förmåga vilket komplicerar smärtbedömningen. Studiens resultat visade att kommunikation, tidspress och otillräckliga verktyg gör smärttolkning hos personer med demenssymtom mer komplex och utmanande. Däremot har sjuksköterskor utvecklat strategier; att observera kroppsspråk och beteenden, samarbete med anhöriga och andra vårdpersonal, samt behov av mer stöd, tid och utbildning. Framtida forskning bör fokusera på flera kvalitativa studier, relevanta smärtbedömningsverktyg samt utbildning till sjuksköterskor. 

Background: Children all over the world are subjected to torture, but few are identified as victims of these actions. Knowledge that facilitates identification, documentation, and treatment of torture injuries in children can allow redress and rehabilitation for more children in need. Objective: To synthesise research regarding screening, documentation, and treatment of child survivors of torture. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted. A total of 4795 titles and/or abstracts were screened, of which 80 articles were included. Grey literature was also included. Results: Screening for torture exposure usually consisted of questions that were included in trauma questionnaires. Questions about perpetrators in the traumatic events were missing from more than half of the studies. Although children were screened mainly for psychological injuries, it was primarily physical injuries that were documented. The evidence on treatment effects was limited. However, there was a tendency that Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) and Narrative Exposure Therapy (NET) significantly reduced PTSD up to three months to one year after the end of treatment. Treatments with individual and group-based formats, as well as those with normal and more intensified approaches, were found to have an effect on PTSD.

Aims: To explore the components that influence health and wellbeing of gender minority forced migrants residing in Sweden.Methods: Qualitative exploratory study based on semi-structured interviews with gender minority forced migrants recruited through a combination of convenience, purposeful and snowball sampling. Guided by the levels in the social ecological model, transcripts were analysed with systematic text condensation in a collaborative process between experts by lived experience, researchers and clinical psychologist.Results: Participants expressed resilience and hope about their future. Loneliness was a major issue contributing to health burdens and peer support was highly appreciated. Barriers hindering access to health services and judgemental behaviours among health professionals were described. Affirming support through empathy, trust, safety, confidentiality, continuity and respect was highlighted as essential in health services. While societal openness and safety for gender minority individuals was appreciated, participants faced an uncertain asylum process and unmet basic needs.Conclusions: Gender minority forced migrants show resilience and appreciate the newfound societal safety. However, they find themselves in the margins of society and encounter various multi-layered challenges. Loneliness is a public health concern that could be addressed through peer support, which is highly desired and valued. Ensuring access to affirming health services should be a prioritized area for researchers, professionals, stakeholders and policy-makers.

Background: Patients with head and neck cancer (HH-cancer are a group of patients who undergo extensive radiotherapy, often in combination with chemotherapy. It is therefore a group of patients who have a great need for care both during the treatment phase and the rehabilitation phase.Purpose: The purpose of this study is to describe head and neck cancer patients' experiences of nursing in inpatient and outpatient cancer careMethod: A literature study with a qualitative approach that follows the nine-step model by Polit and Beck. Fifteen articles were included in this study and analysed using thematic analysis.Results: The result yielded three themes with two sub-themes each that consistently showed the patients' either positive or negative experiences of selected themes: Information to the patient, with sub-themes Security and Stress and fear. Communication and treatment, with sub-themes Compassion and commitment and Objectification. The role of the nurse with sub-themes Partnership and Abandonment. In each theme in this study, factors were identified that support the patient's participation- and trust in the care process but also factors that counteracted this. Within each theme, areas of improvement that could support a more person-centred care were identified. Supporting factors included the care staff's commitment and ability to communicate, verbally and non-verbally, in such a way that the patient felt respected as a person. The contact nurse could be experienced by the patient as a safe partner in care. The negative factors patients responded to included staff stress and lack of time in the care meeting.Conclusion: The study showed that there is a need for more individually tailored information to patients and relatives about the disease, treatment and side effects, as well as a need for better follow-up during the patient's rehabilitation where the cancer nurse's role as the HH cancer patient's care contact after discharge from the hospital needs to be strengthened.

Background: Cancer patients in the final stages of life often choose to receive care at home, which can contribute to improved quality of life. Nurses are responsible for coordinating this care, with factors such as patient autonomy, safety in the home environment, and individualized care being central. It is essential that care is adapted to each patient’s needs to ensure a safe and dignified end of life.

Aim: To describe cancer patients’ experiences of receiving care at home in the final stages of life.

Method: A general literature study was conducted, based on nine scientific articles analysed with thematic content analysis.

Results: Two main themes and four associated subthemes were identified. Autonomy in home care with the following sub-themes To ensure self-determination and To maintain independence. The second theme is The importance of care quality with the following sub-themes Feeling the need for empathic care staff and Need for individualized care. The results showed that the patients’ self-determination and experience of security were central aspects for maintaining dignity and quality of life.

Conclusion: Cancer patients’ experiences of home care at the end of life are characterized by autonomy and personalized care, which enhance feelings of security and dignity. To improve care, the healthcare team should focus on addressing patients’ physical, emotional and social needs through close collaboration and technological solutions, while also promoting self-determination and continuous support.