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Personer som drabbats av HIV och deras upplevelser av stigma i vårdmöten: En litteraturstudie baserad på kvalitativa studier
Swedish Red Cross University.
2026 (Swedish)Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
People affected by HIV and their experiences of stigma in healthcare encounters : A literature study based on qualitative studies (English)
Abstract [en]

Background: HIV is a virus that causes immunodeficiency in people who are infected through blood or unprotected sexual contact. Stigma continues to be a major obstacle to the care of people living with HIV despite the great progress that has been made. Patients' right to good and equal care can be affected by direct as well as indirect stigmatizing actions. A person with HIV can live a long life if they receive good medical treatment. Living with HIV means receiving health care for the rest of their lives. 

Aim: Describe how people affected by HIV experience stigma in healthcare encounters. 

Method: A qualitative literature study where ten scientific articles were retrieved from the databases, analysed using Graneheim and Lundman's content analysis. 

Results: Four subcategories were discovered: Being exposed to moralizing attitudes, being exposed to intrusive questions, dealing with lack of knowledge in healthcare and healthcare providers showing fear. From the subcategories, two categories were discovered: Offensive communication and attitudes in healthcare, Limited knowledge among healthcare providers. 

Conclusion: Most people with HIV face significant stigma when interacting with healthcare providers.  There is a clear weakness in how healthcare providers handle HIV patients. There is a lack of knowledge and avoidance among healthcare professionals. This leaves people living with HIV exposed to psychological distress and discrimination. 

Abstract [sv]

Bakgrund: HIV är ett virus som orsakar immunbrist hos personer som smittas via blod eller oskyddad sexuell kontakt. Stigma fortsätter att vara ett stort hinder för vården av personer som lever med HIV trots de stora framsteg som gjorts. Patienters rätt till god och jämlik vård kan påverkas av direkta såväl som indirekta stigmatiserande handlingar. En person med HIV kan leva ett långt liv om de får god medicinsk behandling. Att leva med HIV innebär att få hälso- och sjukvård resten av livet. 

Syfte: Beskriva hur personer som drabbats av HIV upplever stigma i vårdmöten. 

Metod: En kvalitativ litteraturstudie där tio vetenskapliga artiklar söktes fram ur databaser och analyserades med hjälp av Graneheim och Lundmans innehållsanalys. 

Resultat: Fyra subkategorier upptäcktes: Att utsättas för moraliserande attityder, att utsättas för inträngande frågor, att bemöta bristande kunskap inom vården samt att vårdgivare uppvisar rädsla. Ur subkategorierna upptäcktes två kategorier: Kränkande kommunikation och attityder inom vården, begränsad kunskap hos vårdgivare. 

Slutsats: De flesta personer med HIV möter stor stigmatisering när de interagerar med vårdgivare. Det finns en uppenbar svaghet i hur vårdgivare hanterar HIV patienter. Det finns en brist, okunskap och undvikande beteende hos vårdpersonalen, vilket gör att personer som lever med hiv utsätts för psykisk smärta och diskriminering. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2026. , p. 29
Keywords [en]
HIV, Stigma, Experience, Healthcare
Keywords [sv]
HIV, Stigma, Upplevelse, Hälso och sjukvården
National Category
Nursing Public Health, Global Health and Social Medicine
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:rkh:diva-5328OAI: oai:DiVA.org:rkh-5328DiVA, id: diva2:2031006
Educational program
Undergraduate Nursing Program
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2026-01-22 Created: 2026-01-21 Last updated: 2026-01-22Bibliographically approved

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1112131415161714 of 23
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